Okay, please watch my video on :
Noble Gases Group Elements
The noble gases are the elements
contained in class VIIIA (in the periodic system located in the rightmost
column) which have very high stability and some are found in nature in mono atomic
form. The elements contained in the noble gases are Helium (He), Neon (Ne),
Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn). These elements are called
noble gases because they are very difficult to react (inert). These gases are
very little contents on earth.
The most glorious gas is Argon
(Ar). Although on Earth Helium is not the most noble gas but in the universe
the most Helium content among other noble gases because Helium is the fuel of
the sun and other stars.
The radius of a noble gas atom is so
small that the distance between the valence electrons (the electrons in the
outer shell) is essentially very close. As a result the price of energy
ionization very large that cause noble gas is very difficult
to remove electrons. While low electron affinity causes noble gases it is very
difficult to accept electrons. This combination of properties causes noble
gases to be very difficult to react (inert). In nature noble gas is never found
in the form of a compound but a mono atomic molecule (a stand-alone atom).
There is also an important thing that
causes the noble gas is very stable the electron configuration. Because of its
stable electron configuration, noble gases are also commonly used for electron configuration
enhancements for other elements.
The noble gas classes have physical properties and chemical
properties.
A. Physical properties
ð Noble gas groups are not found natural
compounds in nature
ð This class already meets the octet and
duplet rules. Duplets for helium (2 outer electrons), while octets (8 outer
electrons) for elements other than helium in noble gases
ð The stability is very high, reflected
from the enormous ionization energy and the electron affinity is very small
ð The boiling and frozen point of the
noble gas rises from top to bottom, reflected by the weak London style. Well,
the freezing point reaches absolute (0 K) especially helium
ð The noble gas electron configuration
always ends ns2 ns6, unless helium ends in ns2
ð Noble gases are not covalent and ionic
ð Precious gas compounds are most often
used for lamps
B. Chemical properties
ð The noble gases have an atomic radius
that extends into the radon, making it easier to form a momentary dipole and
van der Waals forces
ð The noble gas reactivity increases
with the increase of atomic radius
ð Noble gases can only react with
elements that have a very high electro negativity, such as fluorine.
ð Precious gases are often called inert
gases because they do not react.
C. Uniqueness of noble gases
ð The noble gas elements are the longest
studied by scientists because to make them alone requires a high temperature.
ð The noble gas elements have meaning:
* Helium = from the sun
* Krypton = hidden
* Neon = new
* Xenon = unknown or alien
* Radon = radioactive
ð Radon can react spontaneously (E cells
marked positive) with fluorine
ð Xenon requires heating or irradiation
to start the reaction
ð Krypton is very difficult to react so
it is said to be a stingy element. However, krypton will react if a colloidal
system is used for electrical sparks
ð Helium, neon, and argon are more
difficult to react and have not yet made a compound.
ð Helium is the lightest element, so it
is used for balloon filler and tube diver
ð Colored lights are used from krypton
and xenon elements.
The colors of the noble gas elements
Helium = colorless, but in orange red
lights
Neon = red
Argon = pink (low pressure) and blue
(high pressure)
Krypton = bluish white
Xenon = blue
Radon = radioactive rays (alpha, beta,
and gamma).
D. Usefulness of noble gases
ð Helium
As an air balloon charger because
helium is a substance that is light and not easy burning. At first the balloon
air filler is Hydrogen. Although equally light it turns out Hydrogen is highly
flammable. As a mixture of oxygen in the diver tube because in high pressure
helium is not soluble in the blood. When using ordinary air containing Nitrogen
then when the dive pressure becomes high and Nitrogen becomes soluble in the
blood. When the diver returns to the surface the pressure becomes lower causing
the solubility of Nitrogen in the blood is reduced and out of the blood. This
causes severe and dangerous pain. Helium in the form of liquid can also be used
as a coolant because it has a very steam point that is very low.
ð Neon
Neon is usually used to fill
fluorescent lamps. Neon can be used to share things like high-voltage
indicators, refrigerants, lightning rods, and television tubes. Liquid fluid is
a refrigerant in the refry generator for low temperatures. Neon can also be
used to signal the aircraft because its rays can penetrate the fog.
ð Argon
Argon
can be used in titanium welding and stainless steel. Argon is also used as an
incandescent light bulb because in high temperatures Argon does not react with
the wire / tungsten so that the lamp wire does not break fast.
ð Krypton
Krypton with argon is used as a low
pressure fluorescent lamp filler.
Krypton is also used in flash for high
speed photography.
ð Xenon
Xenon can be used in the manufacture
of incandescent lamps for bactericide (bacteria killer). Xenon is also used in
the manufacture of electron tubes.
