Intan's final assignment (Noble Gases Group Elements)

Okay, please watch my video on :

https://youtu.be/Sc-gCMCG1C8

Noble Gases Group Elements

The noble gases are the elements contained in class VIIIA (in the periodic system located in the rightmost column) which have very high stability and some are found in nature in mono atomic form. The elements contained in the noble gases are Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn). These elements are called noble gases because they are very difficult to react (inert). These gases are very little contents on earth.

 The most glorious gas is Argon (Ar). Although on Earth Helium is not the most noble gas but in the universe the most Helium content among other noble gases because Helium is the fuel of the sun and other stars.

The radius of a noble gas atom is so small that the distance between the valence electrons (the electrons in the outer shell) is essentially very close. As a result the price of energy ionization   very large that cause noble gas is very difficult to remove electrons. While low electron affinity causes noble gases it is very difficult to accept electrons. This combination of properties causes noble gases to be very difficult to react (inert). In nature noble gas is never found in the form of a compound but a mono atomic molecule (a stand-alone atom).

There is also an important thing that causes the noble gas is very stable the electron configuration. Because of its stable electron configuration, noble gases are also commonly used for electron configuration enhancements for other elements.

The noble gas classes have physical properties and chemical properties.

A. Physical properties

ð Noble gas groups are not found natural compounds in nature

ð This class already meets the octet and duplet rules. Duplets for helium (2 outer electrons), while octets (8 outer electrons) for elements other than helium in noble gases

ð The stability is very high, reflected from the enormous ionization energy and the electron affinity is very small

ð The boiling and frozen point of the noble gas rises from top to bottom, reflected by the weak London style. Well, the freezing point reaches absolute (0 K) especially helium

ð The noble gas electron configuration always ends ns2 ns6, unless helium ends in ns2

ð Noble gases are not covalent and ionic

ð Precious gas compounds are most often used for lamps

B. Chemical properties

ð The noble gases have an atomic radius that extends into the radon, making it easier to form a momentary dipole and van der Waals forces

ð The noble gas reactivity increases with the increase of atomic radius

ð Noble gases can only react with elements that have a very high electro negativity, such as fluorine.

ð Precious gases are often called inert gases because they do not react.

C. Uniqueness of noble gases

ð The noble gas elements are the longest studied by scientists because to make them alone requires a high temperature.

ð The noble gas elements have meaning:

* Helium = from the sun

* Krypton = hidden

* Neon = new

* Xenon = unknown or alien

* Radon = radioactive

ð Radon can react spontaneously (E cells marked positive) with fluorine

ð Xenon requires heating or irradiation to start the reaction

ð Krypton is very difficult to react so it is said to be a stingy element. However, krypton will react if a colloidal system is used for electrical sparks

ð Helium, neon, and argon are more difficult to react and have not yet made a compound.

ð Helium is the lightest element, so it is used for balloon filler and tube diver

ð Colored lights are used from krypton and xenon elements.

The colors of the noble gas elements

Helium = colorless, but in orange red lights

Neon = red

Argon = pink (low pressure) and blue (high pressure)

Krypton = bluish white

Xenon = blue

Radon = radioactive rays (alpha, beta, and gamma).

D. Usefulness of noble gases

ð Helium

As an air balloon charger because helium is a substance that is light and not easy burning. At first the balloon air filler is Hydrogen. Although equally light it turns out Hydrogen is highly flammable. As a mixture of oxygen in the diver tube because in high pressure helium is not soluble in the blood. When using ordinary air containing Nitrogen then when the dive pressure becomes high and Nitrogen becomes soluble in the blood. When the diver returns to the surface the pressure becomes lower causing the solubility of Nitrogen in the blood is reduced and out of the blood. This causes severe and dangerous pain. Helium in the form of liquid can also be used as a coolant because it has a very steam point that is very low.

ð Neon

Neon is usually used to fill fluorescent lamps. Neon can be used to share things like high-voltage indicators, refrigerants, lightning rods, and television tubes. Liquid fluid is a refrigerant in the refry generator for low temperatures. Neon can also be used to signal the aircraft because its rays can penetrate the fog.

ð Argon

Argon can be used in titanium welding and stainless steel. Argon is also used as an incandescent light bulb because in high temperatures Argon does not react with the wire / tungsten so that the lamp wire does not break fast.

ð Krypton

Krypton with argon is used as a low pressure fluorescent lamp filler.

Krypton is also used in flash for high speed photography.

ð Xenon

Xenon can be used in the manufacture of incandescent lamps for bactericide (bacteria killer). Xenon is also used in the manufacture of electron tubes.